Design and Analysis of an Access Network based on PON Technology

Introduction With the expansion of services offered over the Internet, the “last mile” bottleneck problems continue to exacerbate. Passive Optical Network (PON) is a technology viewed by many as an attractive solution to this problem [1,2]. There are several topologies suitable for the access network: tree, ring, or bus (Figure 1). All transmissions in a PON are performed between Optical Line Terminal (OLT) and Optical Network Units (ONU). Therefore, in the downstream direction (from OLT to ONUs), PON is a point-to-multipoint network, and in the upstream direction it is a multipoint-to-point network.